Revista de Gestão Costeira Integrada
Volume 20, Issue 4, December 2020, Pages 265-281
DOI: 10.5894/rgci-n338
* Submission: 9 JAN 2020; Peer Review: 28 FEB 2020; Revised: 27 SEP 2020; Accepted: 27 SEP 2020; Available on-line: 2 FEB 2021
Assessment impact of the Damietta harbour (Egypt) and its deep navigation channel on adjacent shorelines
Mohsen M. Ezzeldin1, Osami S. Rageh2, Mahmoud E. Saad3 @
@ Corresponding author: miskver@yahoo.com
1 - Irrigation and Hydraulics Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. Email: mohsen-ezzeldin@hotmail.com
2 - Irrigation and Hydraulics Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. Email: drosamirageh@yahoo.com
3 - Irrigation and Hydraulics Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. Corresponding author: miskver@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT: Deep navigation channels have a great impact on adjacent beaches and crucial economic effects because of periodic dredging operations. The navigation channel of the Damietta harbour is considered a clear example of the sedimentation problem and deeply affects the Northeastern shoreline of the Nile Delta in Egypt. The aim of the present study is to monitor shoreline using remote sensing techniques to evaluate the effect of Damietta harbour and its navigation channel on the shoreline for the last 45 years. Also, the selected period was divided into two periods to illustrate the effect of man-made interventions on the shoreline. Shorelines were extracted from satellite images and then the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) was used to estimate accurate rates of shoreline changes and predict future shorelines evolution of 2030, 2040, 2050 and 2060. The Damietta harbour created an accretion area in the western side with an average rate of 2.13 m yr-1. On the contrary, the shoreline in the eastern side of the harbour retreated by 92 m on average over the last 45 years. So, it is considered one of the main hazard areas along the Northeastern shoreline of the Nile Delta that needs a sustainable solution. Moreover, a detached breakwaters system is predicted to provide shore stabilization at the eastern side as the implemented one at Ras El-Bar beach. Predicted shoreline evolution of 2060 shows a significant retreat of 280.0 m on average.
Keywords: Navigation Channel; Shoreline; Damietta Harbour; Remote Sensing; DSAS.
RESUMO: Os canais de navegação profundos têm um grande impacto nas praias adjacentes e efeitos econômicos cruciais devido às operações de dragagem periódicas. O canal de navegação do porto de Damietta é considerado um exemplo claro do problema de sedimentação e afeta profundamente a costa nordeste do Delta do Nilo, no Egito. O objetivo do presente estudo é monitorar a linha costeira usando técnicas de sensoriamento remoto para avaliar o efeito do porto de Damietta e seu canal de navegação na linha costeira nos últimos 45 anos. Além disso, o período selecionado foi dividido em dois períodos para ilustrar o efeito das intervenções feitas pelo homem na costa. As linhas costeiras foram extraídas de imagens de satélite e, em seguida, o Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) foi usado para estimar taxas precisas de mudanças na linha costeira e prever a evolução futura das linhas costeiras em 2030, 2040, 2050 e 2060. O porto de Damietta criou uma área de acreção no lado oeste com uma taxa média de 2.13 m ano-1. Em contrapartida, a linha da costa no lado oriental do porto recuou 92 m em média nos últimos 45 anos. Portanto, é considerada uma das principais áreas de risco ao longo da costa nordeste do Delta do Nilo que precisa de uma solução sustentável. Além disso, um sistema de quebra-mares isolado está previsto para fornecer estabilização da costa no lado leste como o implementado na praia de Ras El-Bar. A evolução da linha costeira prevista para 2060 mostra um recuo significativo de 280 m em média.
Palavras-chave: Canal de navegação; Costa; Porto de Damietta; Sensoriamento remoto; DSAS.
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