RGCI n533 - Proveniência dos sedimentos finos para o porto de Tubarão, Brasil

Revista de Gestão Costeira Integrada
Volume 23, Issue 2, December 2023, Pages 117-134

DOI: 10.5894/rgci-n533
* Submission: 28 OCT 2022; Peer review: 20 NOV 2022; Revised: 16 MAR 2023; Accepted: 16 MAR 2023; Available on-line: 8 FEB 2024

Proveniência dos sedimentos finos para o porto de Tubarão, Brasil

Rafael Carvalho Neves^{@ 1}, Valéria da Silva Quaresma^{1, 2}, Alex Cardoso Bastos^{1, 3}

^@ Corresponding author: rcneves@outlook.com.br
¹ Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
² Email: vdsquaresma@gmail.com
³ Email: alexcardosobastos@gmail.com

RESUMO
Em decorrência da importância das vias navegáveis e portos brasileiros para o comércio exterior do país, além da crescente demanda por melhoria da infraestrutura portuária para aumento da competitividade do Brasil perante o mundo, o presente artigo tem como objetivo principal avaliar o processo de assoreamento no Porto de Tubarão, Vitória-ES (Brasil). Por realizar dragagens de manutenção periódicas para manter a sua área marítima navegável, esse porto necessita de um aprimoramento no entendimento da dinâmica sedimentar da região, de modo a fornecer embasamento científico para discussões como planejamento de obras de dragagem e segurança da navegação. Os resultados sedimentológicos e geoquímicos das 91 amostras de sedimento superficial coletadas na Baía do Espírito Santo (BES) e adjacências passaram por análises de agrupamento de observações (cluster analysis) com separação das amostras em 4 grupos estatisticamente diferentes. Os elevados teores de matéria orgânica (MO), carbono orgânico total (COT), nitrogênio total (NT) e isótopo estável de nitrogênio (δ15N) e razão C/N observados em grande parte da Baía de Vitória (BV) e Canal da Passagem (CP) sugerem o predomínio de sedimento terrígeno altamente antropizado na região. Na BES, grande parte do sedimento encontrado na porção interna da baia perto da Praia de Camburi fica restrita nessa região devido atuação do alto-fundo, presente na porção central da BES, como um obstáculo para a efetiva troca de sedimento entre as áreas mais interna e externa da baia. Na porção central e externa da BES, há uma clara mistura entre o sedimento terrígeno, oriundo da BV, e marinho. Os elevados valores de COT e NT presentes no sedimento lamoso dentro do canal do Porto de Tubarão também sugerem a contribuição da MO e material fino advinda da BV no canal do porto. Os resultados e as discussões apresentadas nesse estudo evidenciam a importância do monitoramento contínuo dos parâmetros meteoceanográficos e de qualidade do sedimento como base para o entendimento da complexa dinâmica sedimentar observada nas regiões portuárias.

Palavras-chave: sedimentologia, geoquímica, isótopos, agrupamento de observações, portos

ABSTRACT
The importance of Brazilian waterways and ports for the country’s foreign trade and the growing demand for improving port infrastructure to increase Brazil’s competitiveness in the world inspired the main objective of this study to evaluate the siltation process in the port of Tubarão, Vitória-ES (Brazil). Due periodic maintenance dredging necessity to keep the maritime area navigable, improving the understanding of sediment dynamics in area of the Tubarão Port is imperative, to provide a scientific basis for discussions, such as dredging projects planning and navigation safety. The sedimentological and geochemical results of the 91 superficial sediment samples collected at Espírito Santo Bay (BES) and in the surrounding areas were analyzed by Cluster Analysis with distribution the samples into 4 statistically different groups. The high levels of organic matter (MO), total organic carbon (COT), total nitrogen (NT) and nitrogen stable isotope (δ15N), such as high carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio observed in all Vitória Bay (BV) and Passagem Channel (CP) areas suggest the anthropized terrestrial sediment predominance in this region. At BES, the sediment found in the inner part near Camburi beach is trapped in this region due the action of rock outcrop, present in the central region, as an obstacle to sediment effective exchange between the innermost and outside bay areas. In central and external areas of BES, there is a mix between marine and terrestrial sediment from BV. The higher levels of COT and NT found in the sediments inside the port channel also indicate the contribution of MO and fine sediments from BV to the Tubarão Port area. The results and discussions presented in this study demonstrate the importance of continuous monitoring of meteo-oceanographic and sediment quality as a basis for understanding the complex sediment dynamics in port regions.

Keywords: sedimentology, geochemistry, isotopes, cluster analysis, ports

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Volume 23, Issue 2 - December 2023

Proveniência dos sedimentos finos para o porto de Tubarão, Brasil