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Volume 16, Issue 1 - March 2016

 

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Revista de Gestão Costeira Integrada
Volume 16, Número 1, Março 2016, Páginas 21-33

DOI: 10.5894/rgci616
* Submission: 1 AUG 2015; Peer review: 3 OCT 2015; Revised: 28 JAN 2016; Accepted: 30 JAN 2016; Available on-line: 1 FEB 2016  

Supporting Information (698KB, PDF)

An attempt to assess horizontal and vertical integration of the Italian coastal governance at national and regional scales *  

Simone Martino @, a


@ - Corresponding author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
a - University of Tuscia, Department of Ecology and Biology, Viterbo, Italy. e-mail: <sim.marty@libero.it>.


ABSTRACT
This paper assesses the level of achievement of horizontal and vertical coordination needed to facilitate the governance of the Italian coast at national and regional scales. A questionnaire survey envisions a sectoral management of the coast and the lack of a uniform national strategy, even though a more integrated picture is found at regional scale. However, horizontal and vertical coordination is quite inhomogeneous between Regions, and different are the mechanisms put in place to accomplish it.
Overall, it emerges a greater difficulty in coordinating policies at horizontal scale (i.e. same level of government) rather than at vertical level (different scales of government). To overcome the limited horizontal cooperation, some Regions have developed institutions based on an inter-sectoral coordinating committee or an advisory body. Others opted for an internal proactive collaboration that may resolve conflicting interests between General Directorates, without the mediation of any third party (advisory board). From the questionnaire survey emerges that several Regions have promoted pilot site projects to address specific sectoral issues, but only Emilia-Romagna has developed an integrated plan for the coastline to achieve integration across sectors.
In addition, Emilia-Romagna and Toscana Regions have been promoting a bottom-up participatory vision for the coastal governance through forums or other discursive platforms to facilitate local participation. These Regions are also extending coastal management into the maritime spatial planning, a strategy recognised by the European Commission as the best compelling way to facilitate sectoral and institutional coordination and fully implement ICZM in Europe.

Keywords: horizontal and vertical integration; ICZM policy process assessment; national and regional coastal management;
Italy.


Uma tentativa de avaliar a integração horizontal e vertical da governança costeira italiana em escalas nacionais e regionais

RESUMO
Este trabalho avalia o nível de realização de coordenação horizontal e vertical necessária para facilitar a governança da costa italiana em escalas nacionais e regionais. Através de um inquérito concluiu-se que existe uma gestão sectorial da costa e a ausência de uma estratégia nacional uniforme, apesar da existência de um quadro mais integrado à escala regional. No entanto, a coordenação horizontal e vertical não é homogénea entre as regiões, tendo sido criados diferentes mecanismos para a realizar. No geral, existe maior dificuldade na coordenação de políticas à escala horizontal (ou seja, mesmo nível de governança), do que ao nível vertical (diferentes escalas de governança). Para superar a limitada cooperação horizontal, algumas regiões têm desenvolvido instituições baseadas num comité de coordenação inter-sectorial ou de um órgão consultivo. Outras optaram por uma colaboração pró-ativa interna que pode resolver conflitos de interesses entre Direcções-Gerais, sem a mediação de terceiros (conselho consultivo). O questionário permitiu verificar que diversas regiões promoveram projectos-piloto locais para tratar de questões sectoriais específicas, mas apenas Emilia-Romagna desenvolveu um plano integrado para o litoral como forma de alcançar a integração entre os setores. Além disso, as regiões de Emilia-Romagna e da Toscania têm vindo a promover uma visão participativa de baixo para cima na governança costeira através de fóruns ou outras plataformas discursivas para facilitar a participação local. Estas regiões também estão estendendo a gestão costeira para o ordenamento do espaço marítimo, estratégia esta reconhecida pela Comissão Europeia como a forma mais convincente de facilitar a coordenação setorial e institucional e implementar integralmente a gestão integrada das zonas costeiras da Europa.

Palavras-chave: a integração horizontal e vertical; avaliação do processo da política de ICZM; gestão costeira nacional e
regional; Itália.

 

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