Revista Recursos Hdricos

DOI:10.5894/rh35n2-1
Este artigo foi apresentado no 12 Congresso da gua e selecionado para submisso e possvel publicao na Recursos Hdricos, tendo sido aceite pela Comisso de Editores Cientficos Associados em 30 de maio de 2014. Este artigo parte integrante da Revista Recursos Hdricos , Vol. 35, N 2, 5-18, novembro de 2014. 

Seleo de parmetros hidrolgicos para avaliao da alterao do regime de escoamento em Portugal Continental

Selection of hydrologic parameters for assessing changes in the flow regime in Continental Portugal

Fernanda FIZA¹, Rodrigo Proena de OLIVEIRA¹, Maria Teresa FERREIRA²

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1 - Instituto Superior Tcnico, Lisboa, Portugal
2 - Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Lisboa, Portugal

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RESUMO
A utilizao de indicadores para caracterizar o regime hidrolgico de um sistema fluvial permite avaliar o grau de alterao desse regime em resultado da construo de barragens ou de alteraes climticas. Em conjunto com as informaes sobre o impacto da alterao do regime de caudais nas condies de habitat, tambm til para definir condies de escoamento que assegurem o bom estado ecolgico do sistema fluvial. Sendo elevado o nmero de parmetros hidrolgicos que possvel adotar, apresenta-se uma metodologia que identifica os parmetros mais adequados para descrever as principais caractersticas do regime hidrolgico e a sua eventual alterao. O presente artigo analisa 66 parmetros hidrolgicos, calculando-os para 36 estaes hidromtricas com mais de 15 anos de registo em regime natural. Recorrendo a uma anlise de componentes principais reconhecem-se padres de redundncia entre os diferentes parmetros e apresentam-se recomendaes para a seleo de um conjunto parcimonioso de parmetros que caracteriza adequadamente o regime hidrolgico. Com base neste conjunto possvel definir indicadores de alterao hidrolgica que avaliam o grau de alterao do regime de escoamentos.

Palavras-chave: caudal ambiental, ecossistema fluvial, indicadores de alterao hidrolgica, parmetros hidrolgicos, regime natural, regime modificado.

ABSTRACT
The use of indicators to characterize the hydrological regime of a river system allows evaluating the degree of alteration of that regime as a result of dam construction or climate change. Together with information about the impact of changing the flow regime in habitat conditions, it is also useful to define the flow conditions that ensure good ecological status of the river system. Being high the number of hydrological parameters that can be adopted, we present a methodology that identifies the most appropriate parameters to describe the main characteristics of the hydrological regime and its possible alteration. This article analyzes 66 hydrological parameters, measuring them for 36 gauging stations with more than 15 years of record in natural regime. Using a principal components analysis are recognized patterns of redundancy between the different parameters, and are presents recommendations for selecting a parsimonious set of parameters that adequately characterizes the hydrological regime. Based on this set it is possible to define indicators of hydrologic alteration that assess the degree of alteration of the flow regime.

Keywords: environmental flow, river ecosystem, indicators of hydrologic alteration, hydrological parameters, natural regime, modified regime.

 

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