Revista Recursos Hídricos

DOI:10.5894/rh35n2-8
Este artigo foi apresentado no 12º Congresso da Água e selecionado para submissão e possível publicação na Recursos Hídricos, tendo sido aceite pela Comissão de Editores Científicos Associados em 30 de abril de 2014. Este artigo é parte integrante da Revista Recursos Hídricos , Vol. 35, Nº 2, 89-97, novembro de 2014. 

Métodos de avaliação de secas para apoio à gestão de recursos hídricos

Drought assessment methods for support of water resources management

Eduardo VIVAS¹

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1 - Professor Adjunto Convidado, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4200-072 Porto, Telefone: +351 22 83 40 500, Fax: +351 22 83 21 159, email: ebv@isep.ipp.pt

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RESUMO
A ocorrência de impactos de seca muito significativos, em regiões como o sul da Europa, deve-se não só às características naturais do clima, mas também à intensificação da utilização da água (potenciando problemas de escassez).
Porém, a análise dos impactos de seca é dificultada pela variabilidade dos mesmos, no espaço e no tempo, uma vez que cada região apresenta características únicas de utilizações, infraestruturas, organização social e política, etc. Como tal, a gestão de secas deverá ser enquadrada no âmbito da análise e gestão de risco, devidamente moldada às vulnerabilidades da região.
Nesse contexto, apresenta-se uma análise comparativa de alguns dos principais métodos de avaliação de secas disponíveis para apoio à gestão de recursos hídricos, nomeadamente: (i) a utilização de um índice de seca único, (ii) a consideração simultânea de múltiplos índices de seca e (iii) o recurso à avaliação socioeconómica de potenciais impactos de seca.

Palavras-chave: avaliação e gestão de secas, índices de seca, índices múltiplos, avaliação socioeconómica de impactos.

ABSTRACT
The occurrence of very significant drought effects in regions as Southern Europe is a consequence of the natural climate characteristics, but also of the intensification of water uses (potentiating water scarcity problems).
However, the assessment of drought impacts is aggravated by the temporal and spatial variability of those effects, since each region has unique characteristics of water uses, infrastructures, social and political organization, etc. Therefore, the drought management should be framed under the risk assessment and management approach, taking into account the existing regional vulnerabilities.
Thus, it is herein presented a comparative analysis of some of the main drought assessment methods available for support of water resources management, namely: (i) the assessment through a single drought index, (ii) the use of multiple drought indices and (iii) the use of the socioeconomic assessment of potential drought effects.

Keywords: drought assessment and management, drought indices, multiple indices, socioeconomic assessment of drought impacts.

 

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