Revista Recursos Hdricos

DOI:10.5894/rh39n1-cti1
Este artigo parte integrante da Revista Recursos Hdricos, Vol. 39, N 1, 21-30, maro de 2018.

Simulao de nveis de cheia no esturio do
rio Douro, antes e aps a construo dos molhes

River Douro estuary flood levels simulation,
before and after the breakwater construction

Isabel Iglesias^{1, *}, Jos Lus Pinho, Stnio Venncio^{2, 3}, Paulo Avilez-Valente^1,4, Raquel Peixoto⁴, Jos Manuel Vieira²

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^* Autor para a correspondncia: iiglesias@ciimar.up.pt / isabel.iglesias.fdz@gmail.com
¹ Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigao Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Novo Edifcio do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixes, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
² Centro do Territrio, Ambiente e Construo (CTAC), Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
³ Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Universidade Federal do Tringulo Mineiro, Av. Dr. Randolfo Borges Jnior 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200 Uberaba/MG, Brasil.
⁴ Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.

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RESUMO
A hidrodinmica caracterstica das zonas estuarinas apresenta padres de circulao complexos, sendo as cheias um dos eventos extremos que interessa caracterizar de modo detalhado nestes ambientes. Neste contexto, na tica da gesto ambiental sustentvel e da minimizao dos riscos associados ocorrncia de cheias em zonas ribeirinhas, os modelos numricos, devidamente calibrados e validados, constituem uma ferramenta de anlise de grande valia, permitindo realizar previses com uma elevada fiabilidade. Neste trabalho apresentam-se os resultados obtidos com dois modelos numricos aplicados ao estudo das cheias no esturio do rio Douro. Pretende-se criar um sistema de previso e alerta de cheias que permita tambm identificar as reas que podero ser inundadas. Foram realizadas vrias simulaes, que incluram diversos cenrios, representando o efeito da atual configurao do sistema restinga e molhes na elevao da superfcie livre da gua. Os cenrios simulados pretendem avaliar os riscos associados ocorrncia de cheias semelhantes s cheias histricas. Observou-se que, caso se verifiquem cheias com valores idnticos de caudal s que ocorreram no passado, sero inevitveis inundaes eventualmente mais gravosas, tendo-se identificado as reas que podero vir a ser afetadas. Os resultados obtidos podero servir, desde j, para a definio de medidas que permitam diminuir eventuais perdas econmicas e danos em infraestruturas.  

Palavras-chave: Cheias; Hidrodinmica; Modelos numricos; Esturio; rio Douro.

ABSTRACT
Estuarine hydrodynamics present complex circulation patterns being floods one of the extreme events that needs correct characterization in these environments. In this context, from the point of view of sustainable environmental management and the minimization of associated flood risks in the estuarine banks, numerical models represent highly valuable analysis tools, allowing to develop reliable forecasts. This work presents the results of two numerical models implemented to simulate floods in the river Douro estuary. It is intended to use these models to design and implement an early warning and flood forecast system with capabilities to identify areas that could potentially be inundated. Simulations included several scenarios representing the effect of the current configuration of the sand spit and breakwaters, located at the estuary mouth, in water elevations within the estuary. It was observed that, for floods similar to those that occurred in the past, more serious effects can be expected in the estuarine margins. Results from this study can be used to define adequate solutions to minimize potential economic losses and damage of infrastructures. 

Keywords: Floods; Hydrodynamics; Numerical models; Estuary; river Douro.

 

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